Key facts
- Finland is holding its largest civil defense exercise since World War II.
- The exercise involves over 2,000 participants in Kuopio.
- Scenarios include cyberattacks and potential Russian missile strikes.
- The goal is to test preparedness of authorities and citizens.
- Finland joined NATO in 2024, increasing its focus on collective security.
Finland is conducting its most extensive civil defense exercise since World War II, simulating scenarios of cyberattacks and potential missile strikes from Russia. The drill, involving over 2,000 participants in Kuopio, aims to enhance the preparedness of both authorities and ordinary citizens for real-world threats.
The exercise takes place in a context of heightened geopolitical tension, particularly following Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine and Finland's subsequent accession to NATO in 2024. Retired Army Colonel Asko Muhonen, who organized the exercise, highlighted the importance of a citizen-centric defense mindset, drawing parallels with Finland's history of conscription and the lessons learned from Ukraine's experience with rapid, less-protected sheltering.
Participants are practicing in a rock-hewn shelter designed for thousands, while others sleep in a converted sports hall. The scenario posits disruptions to critical infrastructure like power and water, alongside the threat of missile attacks. This preparedness is seen as crucial, especially given the observed increase in cyberattacks against Finland's energy infrastructure since 2022, and the discovery of suspicious stickers and drone sightings on vulnerable network parts.
While major infrastructure threats in Finland often stem from natural causes like heavy snowfall, the security situation has prompted increased vigilance. Residents like Vuokko Lahtinen emphasize that Finland's best defense lies in making it "not worth attacking" through a combination of military strength and a population that feels a strong sense of responsibility and ownership of their country's security.
Historical context underscores Finland's cautious approach to its eastern neighbor. The country fought wars with the Soviet Union, losing territory and experiencing significant population displacement. Veterans shared poignant memories of wartime bombings and forced evacuations, reinforcing the collective memory of conflict and the value of independence. The current exercise reflects a deep-seated understanding of potential threats and the necessity of being prepared for various contingencies, even those that might seem extreme.