Key facts
- Varroc Engineering is developing electric vehicle traction motors that do not require rare earths.
- Vimag Labs has patented a Virtual Magnet Synchronous Motor (VMSM) technology that eliminates the need for rare-earth permanent magnets.
- The VMSM technology uses a software-controlled electromagnetic system to generate magnetic fields, replacing physical magnets.
- China dominates global rare-earth refining, processing, and magnet production, creating supply chain vulnerabilities.
- Vimag Labs' technology aims to reduce the global automotive sector's dependence on China's rare-earth supply chain.
In response to China's export restrictions on rare-earth elements, Indian companies are developing alternative electric vehicle (EV) motor technologies to reduce reliance on Chinese supply chains. Varroc Engineering, a major auto parts manufacturer, is working on traction motors that do not require these minerals. Concurrently, Bengaluru-based deep-tech startup Vimag Labs has secured its fifth Indian patent for a novel electric motor technology that operates entirely without rare-earth permanent magnets.
Vimag Labs' patented Virtual Magnet Synchronous Motor (VMSM) platform replaces conventional permanent magnets with a software-controlled electromagnetic system. This system uses standard copper, steel, and advanced electronics, with magnetic fields generated dynamically through copper coils managed by proprietary software and power electronics. The technology features a Rotating Transformer Excitation system for wireless power transfer within the motor, eliminating brushes and slip rings for improved reliability and reduced maintenance.
The VMSM's software architecture allows for real-time adjustment of the magnetic field, enabling performance optimization for various operating conditions and facilitating over-the-air updates. The company reports that its 6 kW continuous power prototype can deliver 10 kW peak power with 48–58 Nm of torque, aiming for efficiency and performance comparable to existing permanent magnet motors. This patented technology represents over 87,600 engineering hours and is being explored for applications in light and heavy commercial vehicles, industrial systems, robotics, and defense.
The global EV industry heavily relies on Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors (PMSMs), which use rare-earth magnets like neodymium. However, China controls approximately 91% of global rare-earth refining and processing and produces about 94% of sintered permanent magnets. This concentration makes the industry vulnerable to export restrictions and supply disruptions, leading to price volatility and uncertainty. Vimag Labs' co-founder and CEO, Manish Seth, was motivated to develop a rare-earth-free motor after a COVID-19-related delay in Shanghai highlighted these supply chain risks.