Western diplomats who served in Russia since the country's full-scale invasion of Ukraine have described facing intense surveillance, isolation, and pressure, with some comparing the current environment to the Cold War era. According to former ambassadors speaking to the BBC, warnings included the expectation of listening devices and cameras in their homes, and the intimidation of Russian citizens who might otherwise build relationships with embassy staff.
Lynne Tracy, who served as the US ambassador from 2023 to 2025, stated that her posting in Moscow was more difficult than previous assignments, even those involving physical threats, due to high levels of uncertainty and constant pressure from Russian counterintelligence. She recalled that even after leaving Russia, she felt paranoid for months.
These challenges were compounded by practical difficulties, such as staffing shortages at embassies following Russia's ban on hiring foreign nationals and struggles with basic operating expenses due to financial sanctions that cut off Russian banks from international payment networks. Despite these obstacles, diplomats emphasized the continued importance of their role in maintaining communication channels with Moscow and understanding the situation within the country.