Key facts
- Cheesemakers in Italy and France are struggling.
- European meat consumption has declined by nearly 19% since 2010.
- 51% of European meat eaters reduced their intake in 2023.
- Only 3.2% of Europe’s population identify as vegan.
- Europe accounts for over 48% of the global cheese market.
- Dairy industry practices involve forced insemination and calf separation.
Cheesemakers in Italy and France are facing significant challenges as meat consumption across Europe continues to decline. This trend, driven by health, animal welfare, and environmental concerns, has led many consumers to turn to cheese as a meat substitute. While only a small percentage of Europeans are vegan, a larger portion are vegetarian or flexitarian, increasing demand for dairy products. Europe holds a dominant position in the global cheese market, accounting for over 48% of the share, with France being a key player in both production and consumption. However, the dairy industry is facing scrutiny over animal welfare practices, including forced insemination and calf separation, which are described as sources of harm and cruelty.