Key facts
- Nine-year-olds have recovered to pre-pandemic reading scores and shown some math recovery.
- Thirteen-year-olds' math and reading scores remain stagnant and below pre-pandemic averages.
- The latest reading scores for 13-year-olds are at the same level as in 1971.
- A survey shows a significant decline in the number of students reading for pleasure.
- Educators are advised to increase focus on adolescent learners and middle school outcomes.
Latest federal testing data indicates a divergence in academic recovery between younger and older students in the U.S. Nine-year-olds have shown significant progress, reaching pre-pandemic levels in reading and recovering some ground in math. However, 13-year-olds continue to experience stagnant scores in both subjects, with reading levels matching those from the test's inception in 1971.
The National Assessment Governing Board noted that while elementary education has seen focused reform, particularly in reading instruction, adolescent learners require more attention. The 13-year-olds tested were in crucial elementary grades during the pandemic, potentially missing foundational skill-building.
The long-term trends assessment, administered every four years to approximately 31,000 students, has maintained a consistent format since the 1970s. This consistency allows for tracking long-term academic trajectories. Data suggests that academic achievement was already declining before the pandemic, peaking around 2012.
Compounding literacy concerns, a survey revealed a sharp decrease in students reading for enjoyment. Only 14% of 13-year-olds reported reading for fun daily, a substantial drop from previous years, which researchers link to increased social media use.
Despite the alarming trends for older students, experts like Matthew Soldner and Mark Miller expressed optimism, citing historical data that demonstrates the possibility of reversing negative academic trajectories with focused effort.