Key facts
- Vietnam's elderly population reached 14.2 million in 2024 and is projected to grow significantly in the coming decades.
- The country is expected to become an aged society by 2034 and a super-aged society by 2050.
- Ho Chi Minh City is expanding its eldercare facilities network through 2030.
- There are currently just over 400 nursing homes nationwide, with most concentrated in major cities.
- Monthly fees at private nursing homes can range from VNĐ10-18 million ($380-$684), exceeding average pension levels.
- A shortage of specialized personnel, including nurses and caregivers, is a major challenge for the eldercare sector.
Vietnam is experiencing one of the world's fastest rates of population aging, creating a growing demand for eldercare services and fostering the development of a 'silver economy.' Official statistics indicate that the number of people aged 60 and over was approximately 14.2 million in 2024, a figure projected to rise to 20.9 million by 2034 and 38.5 million by 2074. The population aged 80 and over, most likely to require specialized medical and long-term care, is also expected to grow substantially.
Vietnam is anticipated to become an aged society by 2034, when individuals aged 65 and above will constitute about 14% of the population, and a super-aged society by 2050 with over 21% in this age group. This demographic shift presents challenges for the healthcare system, as healthy life expectancy has not kept pace with overall life expectancy, leading to an average of three to four chronic conditions among those over 60.
In response, cities like Ho Chi Minh City are developing schemes to expand their eldercare facilities, aiming to establish over 30 new care facilities and 168 community care facilities by 2030. This approach seeks to mobilize social resources and create a comprehensive care system.
Nationally, there are just over 400 nursing homes, with a significant portion concentrated in major cities. While state-run and charitable homes provide basic or free care to specific groups, private facilities offer more diversified services at costs that are often prohibitive for the average pensioner. The sector faces challenges including high investment costs and a shortage of specialized personnel, such as nurses and caregivers. Traditional values emphasizing filial duty also influence family care structures, but urbanization and changing lifestyles are limiting families' ability to provide full-time care at home.