Key facts
- Russian designs for rocket-launched drones likely influenced Chinese weapons unveiled in 2025.
- Russian wind tunnels tested Chinese aircraft models for Norinco at least nine times between 2022 and 2024.
- Chinese and Russian researchers co-authored 86 academic papers on drones between 2022 and 2026.
- Some Russian defense suppliers are moving production to China, including machine tool maker Stankomashstroy and chipmaker Element.
A new report from U.S. think tank C4ADS details deepening defense industry cooperation between Russia and China, extending beyond component imports to include shared drone designs, testing services, and joint research. The report, released in October, draws on trade records, corporate filings, and leaked documents to map these lesser-known collaborations.
Evidence suggests Russian designs for rocket-launched drones influenced Chinese weapons unveiled in 2025, such as the Feilong 60A loitering drone. Russian research facilities, including the Central Aerohydrodynamic Institute (TsAGI), have also tested Chinese aircraft models for Norinco, China's top arms maker, at least nine times between 2022 and 2024.
Furthermore, researchers from both countries have significantly increased their collaboration on drone technology, co-authoring 86 academic papers between 2022 and 2026, compared to only 36 in the preceding 12 years. Some Russian defense suppliers are also relocating production to China to navigate Western sanctions and export controls.