Key facts
- Nine World Cup group stage matches were played in conditions estimated to be at or above 28C WBGT.
- The players' union Fifpro stated that heat must play a larger role in future sports scheduling.
- Two matches at Miami's Hard Rock Stadium recorded WBGT readings potentially exceeding 33C.
- Fifa has implemented three-minute hydration breaks for all matches.
- Extreme heat is identified as the deadliest form of extreme weather globally.
Nine matches in the World Cup group stage were played in conditions of severe heat and humidity, according to an analysis by The Guardian. The global players' union Fifpro has warned that climate change will necessitate greater consideration of heat in future sports scheduling. These matches occurred with wet bulb globe temperatures (WBGT) at or above 28C (82F), a threshold Fifpro argues should trigger game delays or postponements.
The two hottest games, both in non-air-conditioned venues at Miami’s Hard Rock Stadium, saw WBGT potentially reach or exceed 33C. This highlights concerns about player safety and performance in extreme weather.
Simon Stiell, executive secretary for the United Nations climate body, stated that extreme heat is a direct consequence of climate change driven by fossil fuel consumption, impacting beloved activities like football. WBGT provides a more accurate measure of heat stress than air temperature alone, considering humidity, sunlight, and wind, and is crucial for understanding the risk of overheating.
While Fifa has implemented three-minute hydration breaks and is using a heat mitigation model, concerns remain. Spectators and workers are also at risk, with over 100 people requiring medical treatment at a fan festival in Houston. The 2026 World Cup is projected to be the hottest on record, and estimates suggest one in four matches could be played under conditions at or above 28C WBGT by the tournament's end.