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Google Develops Custom AI Chip for Gemini, Aims for 2028 Deployment

Created at 21 Jul · 5:06 PM3 sources↑ Market-relevant2 events
IN SHORT

Google is reportedly developing a custom AI chip, codenamed Frozen v2, designed to run its Gemini models with significantly improved efficiency. Engineers project a six to ten times increase in tokens generated per watt of electricity, with a potential 2028 deployment target. This move aims to address Google's growing AI infrastructure capacity constraints and reduce reliance on Nvidia hardware.

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Key Numbers

3.6Gemini Flash model version
17%reduction in token usage for Gemini 3.6 Flash
$1.50/1MGemini 3.6 Flash input token API cost
$7.50/1MGemini 3.6 Flash output token API cost
350tokens per second for Gemini 3.5 Flash Lite
$0.30/1MGemini 3.5 Flash Lite input token API cost
6 to 10 timesprojected efficiency improvement for Frozen v2 chip
2028projected deployment target for Frozen v2 chip
3%Alphabet share price increase on chip news
45%U.S. company AI token usage by Chinese labs
60-90%cost advantage for Chinese labs
110,000Nvidia GPUs rented from xAI
$920 millionmonthly cost to rent Nvidia GPUs

Who's Involved

Google
Developing custom AI chip 'Frozen v2' for Gemini models
Google DeepMind
Released Gemini 3.6 Flash, 3.5 Flash-Lite, and 3.5 Flash Cyber
Logan Kilpatrick
Google DeepMind product lead
Alphabet
Parent company of Google, saw share price increase on chip news
Nvidia
Dominant provider of AI GPUs, faces competition from custom silicon
Meta
Instructed employees to ration AI usage due to capacity issues
OpenAI
Competitor in the AI model space
Anthropic
Competitor in the AI model space
xAI
Data centers from which Google rents Nvidia GPUs
Google Develops Custom AI Chip for Gemini, Aims for 2028 Deployment

↳ Why This Matters

Google's development of a custom AI chip for Gemini signifies a major push to overcome AI infrastructure limitations and reduce reliance on third-party hardware providers like Nvidia. This could lead to more cost-effective AI services and a stronger competitive position against rivals, potentially impacting the broader AI hardware market and cloud computing landscape.

Key facts

  • Google has released Gemini 3.6 Flash, an AI model focused on efficiency and coding.
  • The new model offers reduced token usage and API costs.
  • Google is reportedly developing a custom AI chip, codenamed Frozen v2, to run Gemini models.
  • This chip is projected to be six to ten times more efficient than current TPUs.
  • The Frozen v2 chip is targeted for deployment around 2028.
  • Alphabet shares saw a roughly 3% increase following the news of the chip development.

Google has released Gemini 3.6 Flash, an updated AI model focused on efficiency and coding, with user feedback cited for improvements. This new iteration offers reduced token usage and lower API costs. Alongside Gemini 3.6 Flash, Google also introduced Gemini 3.5 Flash Lite and Gemini 3.5 Flash Cyber. The flagship Gemini 3.5 Pro model remains in internal testing.

In parallel, Google is reportedly developing a custom server chip, codenamed Frozen v2, specifically designed to run its Gemini AI models. This chip aims to achieve six to ten times greater efficiency compared to current Tensor Processing Units (TPUs) by hardwiring parts of Gemini's architecture directly into silicon. Engineers project a 2028 deployment target for Frozen v2. This initiative is a strategic move to address Google's growing AI infrastructure capacity constraints and reduce its significant reliance on Nvidia's GPUs, a problem that has led the company to turn away potential customers.

Alphabet shares experienced a roughly 3% climb following the news of the custom chip development. The company is investing heavily in AI infrastructure, with reports indicating it is renting a substantial number of Nvidia GPUs from xAI's data centers as a temporary solution. Competitors like Meta, Amazon, Microsoft, and OpenAI are also pursuing custom silicon programs to gain efficiency and reduce dependence on Nvidia.

Frequently asked questions

Gemini 3.6 Flash is an updated version of Google's AI model, designed for improved efficiency, coding, and multimodal performance, with reduced token usage and API costs.

Gemini 3.6 Flash shows improved performance in coding and computer use tests, uses approximately 17% fewer tokens, and has lower API costs compared to its predecessor.

The Frozen v2 chip is being developed to run Gemini AI models with significantly higher efficiency, aiming to address Google's AI infrastructure capacity issues and reduce reliance on Nvidia hardware.

Reports suggest a deployment target of 2028 at the earliest for the Frozen v2 chip.

Google is developing its own chip to achieve greater efficiency and cost savings, as well as to mitigate risks associated with over-reliance on Nvidia, which currently dominates the AI GPU market.

What Happens Next

01Gemini 3.5 Pro is expected to be rolled out soon after partner testing.
02Google has begun its most ambitious pre-training run for Gemini 4.
03Frozen v2 chip deployment is targeted for 2028 at the earliest.
04Google reports Q2 2026 earnings on July 22.

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Cadence

How It Developed

Google released Gemini 3.6 Flash, an updated AI model focused on efficiency and coding.
Gemini 3.6 Flash offers improved performance in coding and computer use tests.
The model uses approximately 17% fewer tokens and has reduced API costs.
Google also launched Gemini 3.5 Flash Lite and Gemini 3.5 Flash Cyber.
The flagship Gemini 3.5 Pro model is still undergoing internal testing.
Google is reportedly developing a custom server chip, codenamed Frozen v2, for Gemini.
Engineers project six to ten times the efficiency of current TPUs for Frozen v2.
Frozen v2 is targeted for a 2028 deployment.

Sources

T1
Google reveals faster and cheaper Gemini 3.6 Flash, says 3.5 Pro is still in testingvar abtest_2164005 = new ABTest(2164005, 'impression');Ars Technica
T1
Google releases three new Gemini models — but no 3.5 ProTechCrunch
T1
Google Is Building an AI Chip Just for Gemini—And Investors Already Moved On ItDecrypt

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