Key facts
- The EU implemented a broad restriction on intentionally added microplastics in 2023.
- Microplastics can be present in skincare, makeup, and anti-aging serums.
- Additives in plastics, such as plasticisers and PFAS, are a health concern.
- Biodegradable alternatives like processed rice husks exist for microplastics.
- Transition periods for the ban mean microplastics will remain on shelves until 2035.
The European Union implemented a broad restriction on intentionally added microplastics in cosmetics in 2023, but consumers may still find these tiny plastic particles in their skincare products due to extended transition periods. Microplastics are used in beauty items for reasons such as achieving smoothness or glitter effects, but they contribute to environmental pollution and their health impacts are under investigation.
According to Iseult Lynch, an environmental chemist at the University of Birmingham, the primary concern with plastics in cosmetics lies in the additives they contain, such as plasticisers, colourants, and toxic chemicals like per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Lynch noted that alternatives, including bio-based polymers derived from plant components like rice husks, are available.
The legislation, Commission Regulation (EU) 2023-2055, covers a wide range of intentionally added microplastics beyond cosmetics. Hélène Duguy, an environmental lawyer for ClientEarth, described it as the broadest restriction on chemicals in Europe to date, targeting a large group of polymers. Despite the regulation, microplastics will persist due to phased market-entry deadlines: rinse-off personal care products by October 16, 2027, leave-on cosmetics by October 16, 2029, and make-up by October 16, 2035. Duguy highlighted that companies can still sell existing stocks, meaning microplastics will be around for some time.
Duguy also stated that the EU's microplastics law sets a precedent for potentially banning other persistent chemicals, like PFAS, as a group.